Research studies free essay sample

James Watson: An American scholar man who has an examination about the DNA. For me, James Watson from the start was somewhat abnormal person due to the manner in which he gazed and took a gander at individuals around him. He is a strange person and somewhat shrewd to the women he has seen. As one of the character stated, he is the â€Å"boy-wonderer†. He is additionally an anxious to know the examination and exceptionally attentive. Francis Crick: He does likewise investigate with Watson, they are the two colleagues. He is likewise anxious to recognize what is in DNA and the relationship of it with the twofold helix. Rosalind Franklin: A French lady who do a similar examination as Watson and Crick. She is touchy and wishes to work without the assistance of Watson and Crick. Maurice Wilkins: I thought he wasn’t significant in the introduction. Think about the examination draws near/styles/mentalities of Watson and Crick with those of Franklin. The examination style of Watson and Crick is route unique in relation to Franklin. The two respectable men are more in a watching style. They ordinarily go together and investigate the realities that they have and attempt to chat with others. They likewise watch and ask a few people who know their investigation and attempt to make sense of the result. They do experimentations and read a few books to make a response to the issue. While Franklin, she is even more a quiet specialist. She does her own examination without the assistance of Watson and Crick, however with her partners. She is for the most part in the research facility to do experimentations and studies well the item which has DNA. She is more centered around the exploration than the two men. Do you figure Franklin ought to have shared her data all the more unreservedly with the others? Do you figure she ought to have worked all the more intimately with Wilkins? Why? Why not? For my conclusion, indeed, she ought to have shared her data all the more unreservedly with the others. Additionally truly, she ought to have worked all the more intimately with Wilkins so they could share their considerations and thoughts of how the DNA functions. It is simpler to concoct an answer from the individual who realizes the investigation well. Also, I think, in the event that the two of them do the exploration, they might be the person who will win the Noble Prize. Do you figure Watson may have had an admirable statement when he revealed to Rosalind that a â€Å"fresh look† at her work might be what was required? It might be yes. Since he has his own explanation unto what he methods for it. What significant connection between DNA nucleotides did Watson and Crick find? What techniques did they use to achieve this? Watson and Crick have found the DNA nucleotides in the model they built. The DNA takes the state of a winding flight of stairs (twofold helix,), with the means made out of sets of particles known as bases, and the shaped by chains of sugar and phosphate atoms. Since similar sorts of bases consistently pair together (adenine with thymine, guanine with cytosine), one portion of the DNA flight of stairs (the grouping of bases connected to either sugar-phosphate chain) contains enough data to replicate the whole structure (the reason for natural proliferation). Besides, the succession of bases along the sugar-phosphate tie makes up a code of hereditary data. A letters in order of just four letters, A, T, G, C (the underlying letters of the names of the bases), delivers enough varieties in hereditary data to represent the incredible assorted variety of every living thing, including individuals. Whenever Franklin at last had the chance to take a gander at the DNA twofold helix model built by Watson Crick, what was her reaction? (Compose several sentences summing up what she felt and what she said) Whenever Franklin at long last had the chance to take a gander at the DNA twofold helix model built by Watson Crick, she legitimately asked Watson and Crick where the water was and that it doesn’t appear to be right of the manner in which they did the twofold helix. She proceeded with that the model doesn’t bode well. What was Wilkins’s reaction? Wilkins’s responded, glanced back at Franklin and grinned a piece. What were your later impressions of the principle characters? James Watson: Watson has the mind and abilities to do the examination he is doing. When he needs to accomplish something, he wishes and awards to complete the exploration healthily. He is one of the awardees of the Noble Prize. Francis Crick: Similar with Watson, Crick is additionally anxious to complete the examination at the earliest opportunity. He is additionally one of the awardees of the Noble Prize. Rosalind Franklin: She needed to do the exploration all alone. She concentrates alone and makes it well. She additionally added to the finding of the twofold helix however kept the examination herself. Maurice Wilkins: He is one of the awardees of the Noble Prize. What's more, he likewise contributed his past explores to Watson and Crick. Why this film is called â€Å"Race for the Double-Helix†? Do you figure logical exploration ought to be a race? Why? Why not? As I would like to think on for what reason was the film called â€Å"Race for the Double-Helix†, on the grounds that at the center of the introduction, despite the fact that Franklin and Wilkins think that its hard to cooperate, the chance of their joint effort warms up the race to revelation, as Watson and Crick see it. Watson and Crick realized that there was somebody who is likewise doing the finding for the Double-Helix, the American scientific expert Linus Pauling, whom is surrounding an answer. They attempted to hustle and do the exploration as quick as could be expected under the circumstances. It is likewise on the grounds that they needed to have an honor of Noble Prize. Who was granted the Nobel Prize for the disclosure of DNA structure? The awardees of Noble Prize for the revelation of DNA structure are Francis Crick, James Watson, and Maurice Wilkins. As you would like to think, were the Nobel Prize granted reasonably? Why? Why not? As I would like to think, yes the Nobel Prize were granted decently, in light of the fact that these tree honorable men, Francis Crick, James Watson, and Maurice Wilkins, made theirâ efforts and have obligations when they were doing the examination. They required some investment and strictly completed the examination with the appropriate responses given. On account of Rosalind Franklin, she was not considered for that prize in light of the fact that the principles necessitate that beneficiaries be inhabiting the hour of the honor, and Franklin had kicked the bucket five years after the revelation of the structure of DNA on account of malignant growth. Which individual do you think assumed the most significant job in the disclosure of DNA structure? Clarify your answer. As I would like to think, the entirety of the significant characters put forth their attempts for the disclosure of the structure of the DNA, yet Watson and Crick made heaps of studies in doing the exploration. They attempted to counsel the notable individuals, talked with people and even reached Franklin on their investigation. Which individual do you think assumed the least significant job in the revelation of DNA structure? Clarify your answer. As I would see it, Rosalind Franklin has the least significant job in the revelation of DNA structure in generally premise. She by one way or another got indistinguishable outcomes from Watson and Crick, however she would not do it along with the men of their word. It just demonstrates that she doesn’t need to have, if alive on the granting service, a similar honor as the three refined men have. The introduction may have publicized or communicated without the assistance of Franklin, as what I have watched. Which character did you like the best? Why? For me, James Watson has the best character. It is supposing that he needs to accomplish something he needs to have, he straightforwardly tackle for it and not simply trust that others will make it for him. He is the kind of single word man and truly makes an answer for the issue. In spite of the fact that he might be somewhat exhausting on the initial segments of the introduction, at the later part, he fairly changed and went to be the principle character in the introduction. Which character did you like the least? Why? As I would like to think, the least character would most likely be J. Randall, Franklin’s lab accomplice. He didn't advise Franklin to cooperate with Watson, Crick and Wilkins. On the off chance that he attempted more, she might need to work together with the men, and the arrangements would be simpler. Randall ought to speak increasingly regarding why Franklin should get together with the men of honor. What did you gain from the film that you didnt already know? I discovered that there are truly answers to each imagined that we consider. It might require some investment to understand it yet in the event that an individual needs to demonstrate something, he/she will clearly find the solutions entirely. For example, in unraveling troublesome numerical conditions, it might be difficult to settle it without tolerance and constancy, yet with difficult work, nothing is inconceivable. Furthermore, subsequently you’ll be flabbergasted of what you have done en route. It might carry you to something more prominent accomplishments.

Birthmark Essays (437 words) - The Birth-Mark, Georgiana, Hawthorne

Pigmentation In The Birthmark, Hawthorne portrayed a youthful researcher who executed his own better half by seeking after immaculate future (Hawthorne, 220) while attempting to expel a skin pigmentation on his wife?s face. His name was Aylmer. He was a decent researcher as indicated by any norm. He was brilliant, industrious, and a famous capable (Hawthorne, 203) in regular science. Hawthorne was not against science; he was against impeccable science, against the individuals who needed an ideal science. Aylmer was so committed to science that his marriage with Georgiana, his better half, was entwined with his adoration for science. (Hawthorne, 203) A man cherished science significantly more than his adoration for his own better half, no big surprise he would forfeit her life only for an ideal look all over. Hawthorne was telling a reality, that a man must be a decent human first before he can be a decent researcher. In the story, Hawthorne steadily set out the possibility that Nature is equivalent to everybody; there is no flawlessness in the nature. As he stated, Nature, fit as a fiddle or another, stamps indelibly on the entirety of her creations. (Hawthorne, 205) Georgiana was a pretty woman; Nature needs to hold up under a skin coloration all over so as to keep the parity, any endeavor to expel it ought to and would bring about debacle ? that leaded us to another end ? Nature can not be changed or modified, or a discipline will come in sometime in the not so distant future. Strikingly, Hawthorne?s thought regarding dream is extremely logical, Truth regularly discovers its way to the psyche close stifled in robes of rest, and afterward talks with solid unequivocal quality of issues as to which we practice an oblivious self-trickery during our waking minutes. (Hawthorne, 207) This uncovered Hawthorne himself was a decent rationalist and researcher, which gave more qualifications to this article. Now and then, individuals focus a lot on what science can do and how significant science is in our lives. They built up a bogus trust in science. Aylmer thought he was skillful to evacuate the skin pigmentation, I feel myself completely equipped to render this dear cheek as flawless as its individual; and the, most cherished, what will be my triumph when I will have remedied what Nature left blemished in her most attractive work! (Hawthorne, 207) Also, Aylmer seemed to accept that, by the plainest logical rationale, it was through and through inside the constraints of probability to find this since a long time ago looked for medium. (Hawthorne, 211) But science can never take care of the considerable number of issues, nor would human be able to grow such a science. Indeed, even Aylmer himself, in his tests, Much as he had achieved, she couldn't yet see that his most sp English Essays

The Pros and Cons of Assertiveness 3 Real Life Examples

The Pros and Cons of Assertiveness 3 Real Life Examples For several weeks, I’ve had the May 2016 issue of Success Magazine open on my desk. I had gotten about half-way through the issue when I  stalled in the middle of an article by Sophia Dembling about assertiveness. More pressing papers piled on top of it. In fact, I forgot it was there until today, when I set out in search of material for my weekly blog. I’ve been looking a lot at my own methods of assertiveness lately, so the article jumped out at me this morning. Just last weekend, I participated in a workshop called “Group Process.” There, I was part of a group that spent 14 hours on Saturday and six hours on Sunday simply being with each other to see what we would create in our interactions. The feedback I got from the group is that I have a tendency to want to dominate the conversation. This did not surprise me. It’s not that I talk more than other people in the group, but I do like to get attention, sometimes by stirring things up. Being assertive often requires not being nice, and I am starting to accept the fact that I am not a “nice” person. I am willing to hurt people, and to be hurt myself, in service of telling the truth and getting satisfied. Here are some examples, along with the attendant advice offered by Ms. Dembling: 1.) Accept the Learning Curve. In our Group Process group, the topic came up of how each of us sees ourselves as functioning in a group. Someone spoke about himself, and I wanted to spend more time with him, with each group member giving him feedback before moving to the next person. So when another group member started sharing about how she saw herself in the group, I interrupted her and said I’d like to spend more time on the first person. She was hurt and angry with me for doing that. I did end up getting part of what I wanted: I shared my thoughts with the first person. But then the conversation got derailed as the second woman and I worked through what had just happened. Frankly, we did not do the best job of resolving the conflict, despite my strong desire to do so. My assertiveness had created a rift in my relationship with this woman that will take more work to repair. 2.) Control Thyself. In another group, we were voting on who would fill a particular role. One person enthusiastically went for the role and was quickly voted in with no opposition. I did not trust that he was the best person for the job, so I asked someone else if he wanted the position, which he did. We then had a vote between the two of them. Person #1 still won, and I still was not satisfied, so I asked for further consideration and discussion. As you can imagine, Person #1 had some feelings about my behavior. But in the end, the group made a much more considered decision. Person #1 still got the role, but we were all much more clear about why he was chosen and what value each member of our team could have brought to the role. As the Success Article pointed out, we can’t control people. We can only control ourselves and our own behavior and words. I felt good in this instance that I spoke up and went for my full satisfaction, and maintained the respect of my group in the process. 3.) Pick a Delivery Mode. With the first group, we have eight more weeks of work to do together. I wrote an email suggesting that we assign roles within our group so we have specific people designated to organize our calls, take notes for the group, and support our members in various ways. I immediately got pushback on this idea, with three out of four members saying no, that they did not want to take on any more work. When I tried to explain that I wanted to make things easier, not harder, by having clear lines of responsibility for the things we were doing anyway, I was told that I was making things harder than they needed to be and that I was trying to control the group. As predicted by Randy J. Paterson, author of The Assertiveness Workbook: How to Express Your Ideas and Stand Up for Yourself at Work and in Relationships, things got worse. Obnoxiousness went up. And I began to question whether I ever did what I did. Ouch. These are the times where I wish I had thicker skin â€" and that I had not used email, where misinterpretation is so easy, to express myself. I felt hurt, not seen, and even persecuted. But thankfully I am good at reaching out for support, which I did (by telephone!), and I was able to get more perspective. One group member was able to see things more the way I saw them and to talk through what could address my concern and the concerns of everyone else. I’m feeling confident that we will come to a solution that works for the whole group. In all of these situations, what I truly wanted in the end was to be heard and understood. Yes I take a lot of risks and,  someone observed, often “throw myself under the bus” when I see what I think is a better way to do things. As stated by Diana Bacon, a financial planner who coaches women entrepreneurs on their assertiveness, being assertive doesn’t mean people will do what you want. But it does “give you the confidence of knowing you can stake out your space in the world.” I’m encouraged by Randy Paterson’s assertion that assertiveness is a set of skills that can improve over time. I definitely have room for growth, and I look forward to what’s possible.

Chinese Fable Stories With Morals

Many Chinese fables tell an entertaining story to illustrate a moral lesson. Here are a few such stories. Stopping Halfway, Never Comes Ones Day In the Warring States Period, in the state of Wei lived a man called Leyangtsi. His wife was very angelic and virtuous, who was loved and respected dearly by the husband. One day, Leyangtsi found a piece of gold on his way home, and he was so delighted that he ran home as fast as he could to tell his wife. Looking at the gold, his wife said calmly and gently, As you know, it is usually said that a true man never drinks the stolen water. How can you take such a piece of gold home which is not yours? Leyangtsi was greatly moved by the words, and he immediately replaced it where it was. The next year, Leyangtsi went to a distant place to study classics with a talented teacher, leaving his wife home alone. One day, his wife was weaving on the loom, when Leyangtsi entered. At his coming, the wife seemed to be worried, and she at once asked the reason why he came back so soon. The husband explained how he missed her. The wife got angry with what the husband did. Advising her husband to have  fortitude and not be too indulged in the love, the wife took up a pair of scissors and cut down what she had woven on the loom, which made Leyangtsi very puzzled. His wife declared, If something is stopped halfway, it is just like the cut cloth on the loom. The cloth will only be useful if finished. But now, it has been nothing but a mess, and so it is with your study. Leyangtsi was greatly moved by his wife. He left home resolutely and went on with his study. He didnt return home to see his beloved wife until gaining great achievements. For centuries, the story has often been used as a model to inspire those who would back out in competitions. Ask a Fox for Its Skin Long ago, there lived a young man, called Lisheng, who had just married a beauty. The bride was very willful. One day, she had an idea that a coat of fox fur would look pretty on her. So she asked her husband to get her one. But the coat was rare and too expensive. The helpless husband was forced to walk around on the hillside. Just at the moment, a fox was walking by. He lost no time to catch it by the tail. Well, dear fox, lets make an agreement. Could you offer me a sheet of your skin? That isnt a big deal, is it? The fox was shocked at the request, but she replied calmly, Well, my dear, thats easy. But let my tail go so that I can pull off the skin for you. So the delighted man let her free and waited for the skin. But the moment the fox got free, she ran away as quickly as she could into the forest. The story can be used to illustrate that it is hard to ask someone to act against his own will, even in a seemingly negligible manner. Bian Hehs Jade In the Spring and Autumn Period, Bian Heh in the Chu state got a rough jade on Mount Chu. He decided to present the valuable jade to the emperor to show his official loyalty to his sovereign, Chuli. Unluckily, the jade was judged as a common stone by the court jaders—those who worked with and estimated the value of jade in ancient China—which made Emperor Chuli very angry and had Bian Hehs left foot cut down cruelly. After the enthronement of the new emperor Chuwu, Bian Heh decided to submit the jade to Chuwu to clarify matters. Emperor Chuwu also had it checked by the jaders in the court. And the conclusion resulted in the same fact that Bian Heh lost the other foot. After the death of Emperor Chuwu, the prince Chuwen was enthroned, that gave the poor Bian Heh a gleam of light of proving his clear conscience. However, the moment he thought of what he had incurred, he couldnt help crying beside a hill. He could not stop crying for several days and nights; he almost wept his heart out and even blood was dropping from his eyes. And it happened to be heard by the emperor in the court. He ordered his men to find out why he was so sad. Bian Heh sobbed out Call a spade a spade. Why was a real jade mistaken as a plain stone again and again? Why was a loyal man thought faithless time and time? Emperor Chuwen was touched by Bian Hehs deep grief and ordered the jaders to open the jade to have a close look. To their astonishment, in the rough coat, the pure content was sparkling and translucent. Then it was carefully cut and polished fine and at last, the jade became a rare treasure of the state of Chu. In memory of the faithful man Bian Heh, the Emperor nam ed the jade by Bian Heh. And so the term Bians Jade came into being. Even today, people describe something extremely precious in its value with Bians Jade. Cheap Tricks Never Last: The Donkey of Guizhou Thousands of years ago, donkeys were not found in Guizhou province. But meddlers were always allured by anything. So they shipped one into this area. One day, a tiger was walking around to find something to eat, when he saw the strange animal. The huge newcomer frightened him quite a bit. He hid between the bushes to study the donkey watchfully. It seemed all right. So the tiger came near to the donkey to have a close look. Hawhee!—a loud noise burst upon, which sent the tiger running away as fast as he could. He could not have any time to think before he settled himself home. The humiliation stung in him. He must come back to that strange thing to see it through, even though he was still haunted by the terrible noise. The donkey was enraged when the tiger got too close. So the donkey brought his unique skill to bear on the offender—to kick with his hooves. After several bouts, it became very clear that the donkeys power was too much. The tiger jumped upon the donkey in time and cut its throat. People are usually told the story to illustrate the limitations of tricks and trickery. A Painted Snake Makes a Man Sick In the Jin Dynasty, there lived a man named Le Guang, who had a bold and uninhibited character and was very friendly. One day Le Guang sent for one of his close friends since the friend had not turned out for long. At the first sight of his friend, Le Guang realized that something must have happened to his friend for his friend has no peace of mind all the time. So he asked his friend what was the matter. It was all because of that banquet held at your home. At the banquet, you proposed a toast to me and just when we raised the glasses, I noticed that there was a little snake lying in the wine and I felt particularly sick. Since then, I lay in bed unable to do anything. Le Guang was very puzzled at the matter. He looked around and then saw a bow with a painted snake hung on the wall of his room. So Le Guang laid the table at the original place and asked his friend again to have a drink. When the glass was filled with wine, he pointed to the shade of the bow in the glass and asked his friend to see. His friend observed nervously, Well, well, that is what I saw last time. It is the same snake. Le Guang laughed and took off the bow on the wall. Could you see the snake anymore? he asked. His friend was surprised to find that the snake was no longer in the wine. Since the whole truth had come out, his friend recovered from his prolonged illness right away. For thousands of years, the story has been told to advise people not to be too suspicious unnecessarily. KuaFu Chased the Sun It is said that in antiquity a god named KuaFu determined to have a race with the Sun and catch up with Him. So he rushed in the direction of the Sun. Finally, he almost ran neck and neck with the Sun, when he was too thirsty and hot to continue. Where could he find some water? Just then the Yellow River and Wei River came into sight, roaring on. He swooped upon them earnestly and drank the whole river. But he still felt thirsty and hot, thereupon, he marched northward for the lakes in the north of China. Unfortunately, he fell down and died halfway because of thirst. With his fall, his cane dropped. Then the cane became a stretch of peach, green and lush. From this fable came the idiom, KuaFu chased the Sun, which becomes the trope of mans determination and volition against nature.   Fish for the Moon in the Well One evening, a clever man, Huojia went to fetch some water from the well. To his surprise, when he looked into the well, he found the moon sunk in the well shining. Oh, good Heavens, what a pity! The beautiful moon has dropped into the well! So he dashed home for a hook, and tied it with the rope for his bucket, then put it into the well to fish for the moon. After some time of hunting for the moon, Haojia was pleased to find that something was caught by the  hook.  He must have thought it was the moon. He pulled hard  on  the rope. Due to the excessive pulling, the rope broke into apart and Haojia fell flat on his back. Taking advantage of that post, Haojia saw the moon again high in the sky. He sighed with emotion, Aha, it finally came back to its place! What a good job! He felt very happy and told whomever he met with about the wonderment proudly without knowing what he did was something impractical.

29 Improv Opening Lines to Try

Here are 29 opening lines—improv starters—to get two-person improvisations jump-started. Each line is created to give the student actors a sense of the characters and setting for an improvised scene. Directions: Print this page and cut the paper into strips—one line per strip.Put the strips into a â€Å"hat†Ã¢â‚¬â€a container.Assemble student actors into groups of two scene partners.Explain that one student actor per pair will pick a slip that has an opening line printed on it. That student actor will need to read and memorize the opening line, but will not reveal the line to his or her scene partner—yet. This line will be the first line spoken in the pair’s improv.Have one member of each pair pick a line out of the hat and memorize it.Remind student actors of the classroom improvisation guidelines.Have each pair present their improv.Hold a brief reflection on each improv—â€Å"What can you praise?† â€Å"What might they polish?† Opening Lines Excuse me, ma’am. I need to return this shirt for a refund.Miss, I am afraid I did not order a hot dog for dinner.Look, I know you hate this, but we need at least one good photo of you.So, Jordan, please explain why Paul’s homework was in your backpack.Officer, please, no! Don’t give me a speeding ticket!Do you think Mother would like this crown or the silver one?Oh! It is such an honor to meet you! Could I get your autograph for my daughter?Sir, your suitcase will not fit in the overhead bin.I think our cheer needs a better jump and some words that rhyme with team.Ladies and Gentlemen, please welcome today’s guest—Pat Perkins—an expert on how to organize your desk!Look, my muscles are killing me! Can’t we take a break from this workout?Just rip the paper off! I can’t wait for you to see this totally unique gift!Excuse me, ma’am. Is that dinosaur skeleton real or is it just a model?Well, this is what we’ve been tra ining for—the Olympics! Are you ready to earn that gold medal?I think these shoes make my feet look far too big. Please get me a different pair.Ugh! All the other parents let their kids see PG-13 movies! You’ve just got to let me go!All you have to do is step-kick-step-kick-step-kick. Now try it with me.Behind us is the U.S. Capitol Building, and over there, you’ll see the Washington Monument.It’s just a little tattoo on my arm! Dad has one! I don’t see why you are so upset!Mr. Higgins, please tell our viewers how you plan to spend your lottery winnings!I understand you were an eyewitness to the skateboard theft. Please tell our viewers what you saw.Oh, I am so sorry, but pumpkin spice latte season ended yesterday! What other drink can I get you?Did you honestly think that a trail of breadcrumbs would help us find our way out of the forest and back to our house?Stop right there. You are not leaving this house dressed like that!Halt right there! You are not leaving this palace dressed like that!Your teacher tells me that your classroom behavior is inappropriate. What is your side of the story?I am so sorry, but your credit card has been declined. I’ll need another form of payment.O  woe! O pity! There is no way we shall ever reach the castle by dark!Ew! I thought you said you could cook!

Climate change system Free Essays

What is Climate Change? The clime is a complex and dynamic system. Throughout the Earth ‘s being, it has changed many times in response to natural procedures. However within the last 50 old ages, the composing of the planetary ambiance has significantly altered. We will write a custom essay sample on Climate change system or any similar topic only for you Order Now The bulk of scientists now believe this recent clime alteration can be attributed to human activities. Since the industrial revolution, nursery gas degrees in the ambiance have considerably risen bring forthing an enhanced nursery consequence ( UKCIP 2005 ) . The nursery consequence is a natural procedure ; where a per centum of the thermal infrared radiation emitted by Earth is absorbed by a bed of natural nursery gases which reduces the chilling consequence of the Earth ( Met Office 2009 ) . It is widely accepted that, human activity has led to an addition in the concentration of these nursery gases in the ambiance, doing an enhanced nursery consequence. The increased temperatures produced, as a consequence of greater infrared opacity, are referred to as planetary heating. Current grounds of planetary warming comes from increasing ocean temperatures, lifting sea degrees, runing polar ice caps and decreasing snow screen in the Northern Hemisphere ( IPCC 2007 ) . Climate alteration projections suggest that these will go on to take topographic point and that there will be additions in the frequence and strength of utmost conditions events, such as drouths, inundations and tropical storms. Within the last hundred old ages, the planetary mean temperature of the Earth ‘s surface has risen, with 11 of the warmest old ages on record happening during the past 12 old ages ( IPCC 2007 ) . If the planetary heating continues at the present rate, it is predicted that mean planetary temperatures could lift by up to six grades Celsius by the terminal of this century ( DECC 2009b ) . Carbon Dioxide The chief nursery gas responsible for anthropogenetic ( human-made ) clime alteration is carbon dioxide, accounting for about 85 per cent of entire United Kingdom ‘s nursery gas emanations ( Defra 2008 ) . The United Kingdom entirely emits about 555 million metric tons of C dioxide per twelvemonth. The largest known part of C dioxide emanations comes from the combustion of fossil fuels ; coal, oil and gas. The burning of fossil fuels has provided the chief energy beginning for all industries since the industrial revolution. Even with current raising fuel monetary values, it is still considered to be an economical method of bring forthing big measures of energy. The C dioxide is released as a bi-product into the ambiance, when the C nowadays in the dodo fuel reacts with O in the air, as the dodo fuel Burnss. The industrial sector bring forthing largest volume of C dioxide emanations is the energy supply sector. Three quarters of the United Kingdom ‘s electricity comes from coal and gas ( DECC 2009b ) . The largest manufacturer of electric within the United Kingdom is DRAX coal fired power station. It generates about 7 % of the United Kingdom ‘s electricity supply, with its operation bring forthing about 23 million metric tons of C dioxide each twelvemonth. Government Targets The Governments worldwide have appreciated the demand to cut down nursery gas emanations to forestall farther anthropogenetic clime alteration. The United Kingdom has a figure of aims, both international and domestic, for cut downing nursery gas emanations. The Climate Change Act became jurisprudence on 26 November 2008. The Act sets out the passage program for the United Kingdom to go a low-carbon economic system ( DECC 2009b ) . It gives curates the powers to present new steps necessary to accomplish the nursery gas decrease marks. Under the Climate Change Act the Government is lawfully required to cut emanations by 80 % of the 1990 degree by 2050 ( DECC 2009a ) . In order to accomplish this several intermediate C budgets have been set. Each C budget covers a five twelvemonth period and provides the maximal degrees of nursery gases that can be emitted into the ambiance during the period. Internationally, the United Kingdom has signed up to the Kyoto Protocol. The protocol commits 37 industrialised states, which have signed up, to undertake the issues of planetary heating and nursery gas emanations. The protocol sets lawfully binding marks for the decrease of nursery gases. The cardinal aim of the Kyoto Protocol is to cut down worldwide nursery gas emanations to 5.2 per centum below 1990 degrees, during the five-year period, between 2008 and 2012. The United Kingdom has agreed to cut down its nursery gas emanations by 12.5 per centum. Renewable Energy Production The debut of Government marks creates a demand for alternate emanation free agencies of energy production. In add-on to undertaking clime alteration, the addition of renewable electric coevals reduces the United Kingdom ‘s dependance on non-renewable beginnings for future coevalss. This has led to a recent addition in the development of renewable energy engineerings. Renewable electricity coevals extracts energy from natural resources. It can be considered as emanation free power coevals. The most prevailing methods are solar energy, hydropower, geothermic energy, air current power, wave power, and tidal power. Presently, renewable energy coevals jointly provides about 5 % of the United Kingdom ‘s one-year electricity demand. The Government intends to bring forth around 30 % of our electricity from renewable beginnings by 2020. How to cite Climate change system, Essay examples

Strategy Management The innovators Solution

Question: Discuss about the Strategy Management for The innovators Solution. Answer: a) In the article, Maximizing the Business Value of Web Technologies the focus is on Motorcar industry in the USA. US motorcar industry is one best fastest growing and profit making industries in the world. In this sector, the profit and volume sale can achieve enormous growth scale. Ford Motors is a multinational automaker based in Michigan, Detroit. Henry Ford founded it in 1903 (Ford Motor Co. 2016). It sells most of the luxury cars under Lincoln brand. It owns 2.1% stake in Mazda of Japan and 8% stake in Aston Martin of UK. Ford Motors sell luxury vehicles, commercial vehicles, and automotive parts. Ford has estimated employees of 199,000. As of 2015, total revenue of Ford is US$ 149.5 billion. SWOT analysis can give a clear picture of Ford Motors (Markides, 2013). Strengths High position in American auto market 14.8% growth for light trucks Biggest automobile market in the US Strong financial position Proven track record in manufacturing Strong dealership network Weaknesses Inability to match production capabilities Behind top five automakers Toyota, GM, Volkswagen, Renault-Nissan and Hyundai-Kia Heavy dependence on the US and European automakers Large operations in Europe has weakened their growth Opportunities New automotive technologies Entering alternative fuel car industry Growing automakers, expanding in China, Mexico, and India Increased levels of e-commerce Demand in light commercial vehicle market Threats The growing presence of German and Japanese automobile firms Toyota and Honda are ahead in production of fuel cell vehicles Mercedes and Nissan are competing with Ford in commercial van market Uber and self-driving vehicles could limit the sales volume in future b) Ford Motors Company competes in the automotive industry. It is currently positioned in top ten companies in automaker industry. The NAICS code for Ford Motors is 441110 (Taghavi Chinnam, 2014). The Success critical factors for Ford Motors are, Efficient channel for distribution Better cash flow management Ford is flexible to changing needs Ford has compliance with local and international standards Ford has enough joint ventures and mergers Ford had set globalization plan for this decade Ford Motors have their competitors in General Motors, Nissan, Toyota, Hyundai, Honda Motors, Renault and Volkswagen (Kumar, 2014). c) Ford Motors company has faced several challenges and they have been succeeded in arranging strategies and applied them tactfully. They have done changes to float in the marketplace in order to retain their previous market position (Helper Henderson, 2014). Globalization and global competition Ford had to manage a global workforce. They ensured availability of employees having excellent expertise. They ensured real productivity from employees to ensure competitiveness Mergers and Acquisitions Ford developed several HR initiatives for workers. They covered up employee insecurity. Downsizing Managing organizational relationship with the competitors uplifted the morale of the survivors. Industry and occupational shifts Ford has managed the workforce with flexible working patterns. They focused on competencies at the time of hiring. Ford developed proactive worker benefit programs Technical advantages Ford strategized a virtual workforce. They managed employee alienation. Ford thoughtfully retained skilled staffs. Outsourcing Ford has always managed employee concerns about losing jobs for outsourcing. It lifted employee morale and productivity. Flexible work arrangements Ford has managed the loss of supervisory control over work. They developed programs for the motivating flexible workforce. Educated Workforce Ford Motor strategized a plan only to hire the skilled individuals so that they do not have to spend much on them Contingent Workforce They developed a system to motivate the temporary workforce and eliminate unproductive people from the company. Ford ensured employee commitment d) They can achieve the goals they have set. Ford Motors Company has strategized well to tackle the key issues they regularly faced in the market. Ford is a century-year-old company, and earlier they were one of the best enterprises in the entire world. Gradually they lost their market share to the newer firms. The top managers at Ford have ensured no more casualties in future (Greiner, 2015). e) In order to achieve the goals, Ford has to implement greater plans to minimize the weaknesses in them. Ford Motors Company is lacking in introducing new models whereas, their competitors like Renault, Toyota, Nissan, and Hyundai have come up with technologically advanced models. Ford is heavily dependent on the US and European markets; they need to target more to the emerging markets in Asia and Latin America (Helper Henderson, 2014). a) The main competitor of Ford Motors is General Motors. It is also an American multinational organization. It has its headquarters in Michigan, Detroit. They produce vehicles in as many as 37 countries. They operate under thirteen brands like Alpheon, Buick, Holden, HSV, Opel, Chevrolet, Vauxhall, etc. GM was founded on 1908. GM has a production output of 9,958,000 vehicles. As of 2015, GM has revenue of US$152.35 billion. They have as many as 216,000 employees throughout the world. GM has recorded an 18.4% market share in US transport market (Maxcy, 2013). b) General Motors and Ford Motors are two heavyweights in US car market. They are operating their business from the same city in Michigan, Detroit. These are some of the differences between them, General Motors Company Ford Motors Company Market cap: $20.7 billion Monster Vehicle: Hummer Foreign ventures: Fiat, Suzuki, Fuji Market share: 18.4% P/E Ratio: 8.1 Market cap: $18.1 billion Monster vehicle: Ford Excursion Foreign ventures: Jaguar, Aston Martin, Volvo, Land Rover, Mazda Market share: 15.2% P/E Ratio: 20.6 Most of the market honchos have predicted GM over Ford motors. GM has been able to stay the nose ahead of Ford in overall share for last ten years. Ford rides on public esteem whereas GM is known for its all-American approach. Ford has managed to utilize global resources than GM (Davenport, 2013). c) GM holds a greater market share in US market. They are ahead with 18.4% market share, whereas, Ford has a modest 15% market share in US market. Particularly Ford motors have more strengths and weaknesses. GM has fewer strengths and weaknesses than Ford Motors, which have been found from SWOT analysis. Strengths Globally known brand It has a worldwide presence Operations in 55 countries Weaknesses Diminishing dealership network Insufficiency in liquidity Inadequate performance among business segments Low debt ratings Opportunities GM have growth potential in India and China Increased market shares in Truck market Rising demand for hybrid vehicles Threats The continuing global recession Weakness in global automobile industry Intense competition a) There are several organizational operations have occurred over past decade. By the introduction of more mass production of public transport vehicles, the urgency for producing more and more vehicle has become utmost importance. In an attempt to minimize transaction cost these two companies have started their operational journey in several other countries. The wholesale price of car production has dipped down to 5% in recent years. Since 1990 there are almost 500,000 employees have joined in these two organizations. The globalization of the auto industry has appeared to be a status quo for the labor market. The needs for skilled labors are increasing day by day. US companies mainly automobile companies are exploring emerging markets to find skilled labors at a low cost. In the US, the labor cost is more, and the locals of US charge more than the migrants, so the firms are investing on these migrants. Ford Motor and GM enjoy a global market share of 10 percent and 13 percent respect ively. These two companies have volume sales of 24 percent in Russia, 18 percent in India, 17 percent in Brazil, 11.8 percent in Mexico and 10.2 percent in Spain. Ford and GM have strategized upon macroeconomic performances and policies. These automakers pursue portfolio approach for production and marketing relying on fragile economic growth in these regions (Ihlen Roper, 2014). b) Ford and GM these two companies have been able to explore the markets of emerging economies and third world countries. They have understood the possibilities of growth and market capturing in these regions. The current stats are helping us to make a prediction about the future growth and market positioning of Ford and General Motors. GM might not be the best automaker company in the world anymore, but they are still one of the most recognized car brands in the globe. 2015 has been a year in which these two Detroit giants have seen enormous growth and profit in different sectors. They piped each other in some close races between them. GMs Sierra and Chevrolet Silverado and Fords F-150, F-series 306, 302, 009 have made great profits in this year (Hill, Jones Schilling, 2014). c) In order to keep their superiority in Car market, Ford needs to implement great strategies. Strategies for quality management and product development need to be precise. The branding of Ford motors should be appropriately done to ensure more attainment towards the brand. Another method to attract customers is product designing. For cars, there is a lot of scope for designing new cars. Automatic cars and alternative vehicles are the future of any growth in the automotive industry. Advertising and sales promotions need to be done to eradicate the superiority of GM. GM has more market share than Ford Motors. To break this barrier, Ford should explore the weaknesses to mitigate dynamic lifestyle changes (Christensen Raynor, 2013). d) The external threats for GM are, The continuing global recession Weakness in global automobile industry Intense competition The external threats for Ford Motors are, The growing presence of German and Japanese automobile firms Toyota and Honda are ahead in production of fuel cell vehicles Mercedes and Nissan are competing with Ford in commercial van market Uber and self-driving vehicles could limit the sales volume in future e) The potential lies in American auto industry are huge. The global competition has enabled rising prospects in American domestic market. A value chain shift and data analysis of car making companies in America have given an insight of probable pathways in future growth. China and its market have become a global target for market capturing. It has been predicted that by 2020 China would be the biggest marketing hub in the world. Chinas emergence has also fuelled the possibilities for global carmakers to enter China for exploring its market (Greiner, 2015). References: Christensen, C., Raynor, M. (2013).The innovator's solution: Creating and sustaining successful growth. Harvard Business Review Press. Collard-Wexler, A., De Loecker, J. (2013).Reallocation and technology: evidence from the US steel industry(No. w18739). National Bureau of Economic Research. Davenport, T. H. (2013).Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology. Farahani, R. Z., Rezapour, S., Drezner, T., Fallah, S. (2014). Competitive supply chain network design: An overview of classifications, models, solution techniques, and applications.Omega,45, 92-118. Ford Motor Co.: Maximizing the Business Value of Web Technologies. (2016).Hbr.org. Retrieved 21 March 2016, from https://hbr.org/product/ford-motor-co-maximizing-the-business-value-of-web-technologies/198006-PDF-ENG Gao, P., Hensley, R., Zielke, A. (2014). A roadmap to the future for the auto industry.McKinsey Quarterly, Oct. Greiner, M. (2015). A comparison of lean management in the automotive and telecommunications sectors. Helper, S., Henderson, R. (2014).Management practices, relational contracts, and the decline of General Motors(No. w19867). National Bureau of Economic Research. Hill, C., Jones, G., Schilling, M. (2014).Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Kumar, N. P. (2014). Human resource management in future an obstacle of champion of globalization.Global Journal of Emerging Trends of e-Business, Marketing and Consumer Psychology,1(1), 49-57. Markides, C. C. (2013). Business model innovation: what can the ambidexterity literature teach us?.The Academy of Management Perspectives,27(4), 313-323. Maxcy, G. (2013).The Multinational Motor Industry (RLE International Business). Routledge. Taghavi, A., Chinnam, R. B. (2014). Assortment planning of automotive products with considerations for economic and environmental impacts of technology selection.Journal of Cleaner Production,70, 132-144. Zhai, Q., Cao, H., Zhao, X., Yuan, C. (2014). Assessing application potential of clean energy supply for greenhouse gas emission mitigation: a case study of General Motors global manufacturing.Journal of Cleaner Production,75, 11-19.

Gangsterisum Essays - Prohibition In The United States,

Gangsterisum GANGSTERISUM In 1919 congress passed the eighteenth amendment. Which abolished alcohol and legally prohibited the manufacturing or sale of any kind of alcoholic beverages. Thus bringing the rise and increase of organized crime and criminal activity. This amendment would be a huge mistake for the country and the United States would suffer severely. If there is a demand for something, no mater what it is, there will always be somebody there to partake in the process of fulfilling those needs of the consumer. Many people indulged themselves in many different kinds of alcohol, in many different ways. It was a way of life. Then the government steps in and puts a band on this way of life. State and federal agents immediately closed down the bars and saloons. Only to reopen as underground speakeasies. So people started having to buy their cherished alcoholic beverages illegally. Hidden places where people could knock and speak softly at a securely locked door, a secret establishment for entrance into the underworld of illegal liquor consumption. These secret places were first created by soon to be powerful mob bosses. These bootlegging merchants that ran the speakeasies found riches and power in the illegal operations. Thus bringing the introduction into organized crime. Organized crime was soon on the rise, especially in large cities. The large bootlegging operations blossomed into many other illegal activities. These organized crime leaders had the police on their payroll working for them. They would tell them to look the other way and the crooked police were paid very generously for their injustice abuse of authority. They also had their hands in other corrupt businesses such as prostitution, illegal gambling, and the smuggling of many different kinds of narcotic drugs. Gang violence also became stronger between the rival mobs of organized crime. Street wars broke out and many demonstrations of these crime leaders powers were expressed. The increase of murders of low ranking, average citizens were becoming more and more common. With most of the police on the take, there were a lot fewer arrest and those criminals who were arrested usually got off on all their charges, depending on whom they knew or whom they worked for. Most of the mob bosses were so ruthless that they would bully honest, hard working merchants into paying, so called protection money, to the under lords in their block or that ran the racket they worked in. If these simple shop workers refused to pay them their protection money sometimes they would rough up their employees, destroy their stores, and often hospitalize the shop keepers themselves. Large corporations were not safe either. They were also affected. These racketeers would push around the large businesses promoters, organizers, and even the strong labor unions. Today the story is not so well known. Its not as bad today because people have more trust in the police to protect them. The mobsters tend to leave normal average people alone because they really have no business with them and they dont want to take the risk of getting caught by show boating their names and powers. The racketeers of today are not as publicly known even thought they still have many different holds on large corporations and large parts of the cities. Also the law is more forceful today than eighty years ago against organized crime. Today you wont find many crooked authority officials that you could just pay off to get yourself out of trouble. Not to say that these payoffs dont still occur today they are just kept quiet and people have learned many ways to not get caught. There are still many illegal casinos, prostitution rings, and racketeering run by these large secret societys., but drugs are still probably the number one money making business for organized crime uni ts in the United States today. There is too much money to be made out there illegally, that organized crime is here to stay. If its Mafia, Columbian, or Street based, in some form or another it will be organized by somebody in one way or another. American History

Dont monkey around with fonts - Emphasis

Dont monkey around with fonts Dont monkey around with fonts According to childrens literacy website Reading Rockets, when kids start to read, they like to mirror the writing they see around them. So, if they see you writing a list, they may well write one too. If youre writing in your diary, theyll probably have a pretend one too. Most parents will help their children get better at writing by practising forming letters with a variety of mediums: paper, sand, snow or even in the air. Its also good to read things which just happen to be around and might well catch the eye like cereal packets, for instance. So, how confusing is the font for Kelloggs Adopt a Monkey campaign? As a marketing idea the Adopt a Monkey campaign is a cracker. It ticks all the boxes: cuddly animals, conservation and charity. But who designed the font? With capitals D, N, H, P and G slung with gay abandon in the middle of words on both the Kelloggs and Born Free sites, theyre making reading and writing just that bit harder for a major part of its target audience. Do you baulk at, KeePiNG WiLDlife in tHe WiLD, or BorN Free, or is it just me? Do you feel this curious choice of script is designed to make a younger audience feel at ease because these are the kinds of mistakes kids make when theyre learning to write? In that case we could soon be going down the crumpled paper, smudge-infested route. Perhaps with the odd dribble or bogey on: thats common in kids efforts too. So: Adopt a Monkey great idea, guys. But rein in those designers or youre only making an already complicated system even more difficult for those just starting out.

A Respectable Actress Does Not Have a Blind Side Essay

A Respectable Actress Does Not Have a Blind Side - Essay Example Soundtracks for The Blind Side were written by Alan Wilson and performed by Canned Heat. The Blind Side features Michael Other, a homeless teenager who is adopted by a wealthy and conservative family in the suburbs of Memphis, Tennessee. Michael is positioned as one of the most promising prospects in college football due to his natural athletic skills and the perseverant and unconditional support of his new family (IMDb). Michael Other (Quinton Aaron), a homeless teenager who has been running away from different host families in Memphis, Tennessee, is staying temporarily at one of his friend’s father sofas. Fascinated by Michael’s athletic skills and corporal features, and despite his academic insufficiencies, Burt Cotton (Ray McKinnon) helps Michael to get admitted to Wingate Christian School where he coaches. A friendly and smart little boy called Sean Jr. ‘SJ’ (Jae Head) approaches Michael at school while waiting for his mother to pick him up. Although t his is their first encounter, they meet once more when SJ’s father Sean Tuohy (Tim McGraw) is driving the family home. Leigh Anne Tuohy (Sandra Bullock) is moved by the image of ‘big Mike’ shivering in the cold while walking in direction to the school gym to spend the night, therefore, she asks him to stay at their comfortable house in the suburbs of Memphis. Gradually the Tuohy family becomes Michael’s new family. Leigh Anne is a multitasking, persuasive and strong-minded professional and house-wife, working from home as an interior designer. She is very inquisitive woman and when seeking to become Michael’s legal guardian, she finds out he was cruelly separated from his drug-addicted mother when he was seven years old. The brutal separation from his mother caused a strong impression on Michael, who eventually developed resilient ‘protective instincts’. The protective nature of Michael gives him the opportunity to become one of the mos t highly prospects in college football. Michael is a leader on the field. The only problem is that in order to be accepted at NCAA Division I scholarship, Michael should improve his GPA which he does with the help of some teachers and a personal tutor, Miss Sue (Kathy Bates), hired by the Tuohy. Leigh Anne makes it clear that she prefers the University of Mississippi (Ole Miss) because she and Sean are alumni of this university; and, in a rather indirect and persuasive way, she convinces Michael to commit to Ole Miss. As a result both Michael and the family Tuohy become the subject of an investigation of the NCAA. During the interview to find out Michael’s reasons to choose Ole Miss, Michael understands the game played by Leigh Anne to influence him; he gets angry at her and decides to return to his mother. Michael comes back to the Tuohy family after Leigh Anne approaches him and asks to forgive her. The inquiry conducted by the NCAA does not progress because Michael is rela xed and able to overcome all the questions from the investigator. The Blind Side makes a stereotypical portrayal of American families and society. A white, middle-class family becomes the worthy protector of a poor, huge, illiterate black teenager. Both, Leigh Anne and Sean (a prosperous businessman) are the parents of a beautiful teenager Collins and

Rational Frame Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Rational Frame Theory - Essay Example This paper looks at the concept of relational frame theory based on the tutorial developed by Dr Eric J. Fox, Ph.D, in his website. It will be based on the explanation of a hierarchical representation (given below) of Dr Fox’s views on this area. According to Dr Fox, language can create both problems and solutions. Any situation, whether it is positive or negative, is directly related to the language and emotion used. It can be used to instruct, to give praise or heap insults. It can be used to judge people and it can be used to make laws. It can be used to educate people and can be used to dictate actions. Words used in a certain context can even result in violence and wars. On the other extreme, it has the ability to bring about peace among nations. These few examples of the power of language show how much it can influence a society and its individuals. It should be stated here that language studies can help in understanding human behavior and actions to a large extent. It can help psychologists to provide solutions to problems faced by individuals. Traditional theories on the field believe that words used in language have symbolism and generativity. Symbolism refers to the power of a word to signify other meanings or thin gs even though a particular word has a specific meaning. For example the word fire may evoke different emotions in people. For one person fire can mean warmth, for another it can mean pain, and for a third person it can mean food. This power of the word can have diverse effects on people in the context they are used. A combination of words, in other words a sentence, has generativity. According to Dr Fox, â€Å"generativity means that we can create and understand an infinite number of meaningful sentences or utterances† (Fox, 2002).The sentence ‘An apple is a blue fruit that is found in the North Pole’ may be absurd and incorrect, but it has meaning. In

Effects of Film on Driving Behaviour

Effects of Film on Driving Behaviour Mass Media Society Jeremy Philip Monteiro      Imbert Narumanan Sebastian Lim Jit Shern Contents page (Jump to) Introduction We conducted a study on college students here in Tunku Abdul Rahman University-College Penang to see if a movie could affect their driving behavior. We selected the movie, The Fast The Furious. The choice of movie is selected because the movie itself is involves high-speed chases and racing with vehicles that are modified to push itself to the limits. The movie itself is an action and also a thriller; it was released in 2001 and directed by Rob Cohen and distributed by Universal Pictures. The main cast of the movie are Vin Diesel and Paul Walker; Walker plays as an undercover cop who must stop a team of hijackers who are led by Diesel. Brian gets involve with the hijackers and falls in love with Diesel’s sister and must choose to be an accomplice in Diesel’s plan or blow it all over by arresting him and his crew. Throughout the movie there will be conflict, some family oriented scenes but its main focus are on the adrenaline-rushing fast cars. This research was done on college students, specifically in TARUC Penang. There were about 30 students who were asked to be interviewed using a prepared set of questions. The interview was conducted informally as it would make the interviewee more comfortable as well as to stimulate open ended answers rather than close ended. The idea is to see if these college students who have watched the movie affected in anyway in terms of driving. The title of our research is â€Å"Do movies affect students’ driving? A review on The Fast The Furious. Literature Review The theory that is used in this research is the Media Effects theory. Media Effect theory explains as how the media can affect the society and how the society can affect the media. The concept of this theory relies on both the media as well as the society. However there are several implications that are negative made of this theory which is saying that people try to follow exactly as to what they see. For instance, â€Å"copycat murder† that took place in 2004 when a boy was murdered by his best friend and the game ‘Manhunt’ was instantly banned due the style of murder was assume to be similar to the game. The theory defines moral panic in relation to representations of sex, violence and deviant behavior and its supposed effects on youth. Moral panic is the feeling that the situation is out of control in some way, and therefore represents a threat to the moral order. The media effects theory was firstly proposed by the Frankfurt School of social researchers in the 1920’s from people’s reaction to Nazi propaganda. The hypodermic model explains that the media is like a drug that society may be addicted to, stating that the audience are helpless to defend themselves against the media and just behave passively. This theory is quite similar to the Social Learning theory by Bandura where a studied made on 2 groups of children who are exposed to the violent content on television and the other group is exposed to the positive content. Later, both groups were given a doll and the group who were exposed to the violent content reacted violently towards the doll. This helps determine that children may behave according to what they see or exposed to. Research The purpose of this research is to find out if a movie such as The Fast The Furious may or may not be an affect or influence the driving in any way. In order to ensure that the information we use in this research is accurate and reliable, we decided to use a primary research method to obtain our results. Which is to interview our respondents face to face and gather their feedback. The idea of an interview is to obtain a qualitative research which is in hope to receive in-depth answers to the questions. The target audience were selected at random in college and most of them were from the Faculty of Social Science and Humanities. Based on the nature of the movie, we could assume that the producers of the franchise were targeting teenagers and young adults. Therefore we have decided to interview our fellow college-mates for this research. Moreover, most the students in TARUC have just gotten their driving license and are experiencing unsupervised driving for the first time. Our team has chosen 30 individuals within the campus grounds and approached them in the canteen, the library and the foyer. Below are the ten questions that were prepared for the interview: Have you watched The Fast and the Furious? Where did you watch the movie? What do you think of the movie? How many times have you watched the movie? Do you think the movie influences your driving style? In what way? After watching the movie, do you see yourself attempting to replicate the stunts you have seen? Which scene in the movie would you say made an impact on your driving? Do you think it is dangerous or safe to be mimicking the driving from the movie? After watching the movie would you say that your driving abilities have improved? Do you feel that the movie can play a role in how you drive? These ten questions are made specifically to understand how the student thinks or feel after watching the movie, especially to see if the movie has made a change on their driving abilities and if they are aware of it. We took note of what the 30 individuals had answered and evaluated them. Findings Based on the questions above, we have found that all 30 respondents have answered that they have watched the movie before. Since it being an old movie that was released in 2001, majority of students answered that they have watch the movie on television. However there were a minority that had answered cinema. Majority of students had answered that they think that the movie is a good and entertaining movie which falls as a positive review. However a minority of them had also answered that the movie comes off as an unrealistic and bad movie which implies as a negative review. To the question above, majority of students answered once and minority of them had answered twice. Based on the question above, all 30 students who have watched the movie claims that they are unaffected by the movie. To question 6, only 2 students answered â€Å"yes† where else majority of them answered that they will do not see themselves wanting to replicate the stunts they see in the movie. As to question 7, majority of students claimed the there is no scene applicable. However, a minority of 6% answered the racing scene made an impact on their driving. Based on the question, all 30 students have answered that it is dangerous to be mimicking the driving from the movie. According the chart above, minority of students claimed that their driving abilities have improved after watching the movie. However, majority of them said that the movie did not improve their driving abilities. Based on the final question, majority of students feel that the movie does not play a role in how they drive today and a minority of 23% said that it does. Conclusion We’ve learned that the conducting research isn’t an easy task and takes time to produce result. We also learn that most students find it hard to produce quality answers as they rather provide brief answers. From the findings above, we are able to deduce that the influence brought upon by a movie has not affected the driving style of college students in our campus. This is solely based on their answers of course; however we are unable to physically prove at the moment if it has taken an effect Most students found the movie to be fun and entertaining but however manage to realized that the movie is unrealistic and are aware of the dangers involve if they were to follow what they see in the movie. Despite having good overall reviews of the highly action packed scenes from the movie itself, students find that stunts coordinated in the movie is rather dangerous and definitely will not be attempted in their daily driving routine. In short, based on the majority of answers we gathered, after a watching the movie, The Fast The Furious, students at Tunku Abdul Rahman University-College are not affected by it. Bibliography/References Neal H.M (Producer), Rob Cohen (Director) (2001).The Fast and the Furious[Motion picture]. United States: Universal Pictures (Distributor). Martyn Shuttleworth(Jul 5, 2008). Survey Research Design. Retrieved Nov 22, 2014 from Explorable.com:https://explorable.com/survey-research-design Robson, C. (2002)Real world research: A resource for social scientists and practitioner-researchers, Oxford, Blackwell. Biagi, S. (2012). Media impact: an introduction to mass media (10th ed.). CA: Thomson/Wadsworth. Vivian, J. (2012). The media of mass communication (11th ed.). Singapore: Pearson. Burton, G. (2005). Media and society: Critical perspective. New York: Open University Press. Krish, S. J. (2006). Children, adolescents, and media violence: A critical look at the research. CA: Sage Publication. Appendix Survey 1 Have you watched the movie The Fast and the Furious before? Yes Where did you watched the movie? I watched it on TV, one of the Astro movie channels. What do you think about the movie? Very fast paced and entertaining action movie, But like all actions movies, it is filled with unrealistic action sequences, involving cars mostly, and violence. How many times have you watched the movie? Twice. Do you think the movie influences your driving style? In what ways? No, the move did not influence my driving style. After watching the movie, do see yourself attempting to replicate the stunts you’ve seen? No. What scene in the movie would you say made an impact the most on your driving? No scene in particular as I think the entire movie did not have any impact on my driving skills. Do you think it is dangerous or safe to be mimicking driving acts from the movie? It is dangerous of course, People have to know that Fast and Furious is a movie and the driving sequences are made to look unrealistic and dangerous to meet the criteria of an action movie. These sequences are mostly carried out by experienced stunt drivers. After watching the movie, would you say that your driving abilities have been improved? No, not at all. Watching the movie did not affect my driving skills at all. Do you agree that movies can play a role in how a person drives? Yes. Those who watch the movie and are into to automobiles might try to imitate the driving sequences done in the film, which depict illegal racing, speeding and reckless driving to be fun. Also, some people might get the idea that it is safe to do all those things and not get in trouble or get hurt as the characters in the movie remain unscathed and always get away with what they’re doing. Unfortunately, this does not apply in real life. Survey 2 Have you watched the movie The Fast and the Furious before? Yes. Where did you watched the movie? When it played on TV. What do you think about the movie? Good, quite entertaining. I thought it was very cool with the fast cars. How many times have you watched the movie? Once. Do you think the movie influences your driving style? In what ways? No. After watching the movie, do see yourself attempting to replicate the stunts you’ve seen? Nope, not at all. What scene in the movie would you say made an impact the most on your driving? No particular scene. Do you think it is dangerous or safe to be mimicking driving acts from the movie? Dangerous, of course. After watching the movie, would you say that your driving abilities have been improved? Nope, I was too young at the time when I first watched it. Do you agree that movies can play a role in how a person drives? Maybe. Sometime Maybe. Sometimes people will go too far and imitate their role models on screen without knowing the risks of actually doing so. Survey 3 Have you watched the movie The Fast and the Furious before? Yes. Where did you watched the movie? On the television. What do you think about the movie? Quite a cool movie. How many times have you watched the movie? Once but I watched it halfway through. Do you think the movie influences your driving style? In what ways? Nope. After watching the movie, do see yourself attempting to replicate the stunts you’ve seen? Not really, I wouldn’t dare. What scene in the movie would you say made an impact the most on your driving? No particular scene. Do you think it is dangerous or safe to be mimicking driving acts from the movie? Quite dangerous, After watching the movie, would you say that your driving abilities have been improved? No. Do you agree that movies can play a role in how a person drives? No. Survey 4 Have you watched the movie The Fast and the Furious before? Yes, unfortunately I have. Where did you watched the movie? It is quite an old movie, I think it was on TV. What do you think about the movie? It’s good but very unrealistic. How many times have you watched the movie? Once. Do you think the movie influences your driving style? In what ways? Absolutely not. After watching the movie, do see yourself attempting to replicate the stunts you’ve seen? No. What scene in the movie would you say made an impact the most on your driving? None in particular as I can barely even remember the movie. Do you think it is dangerous or safe to be mimicking driving acts from the movie? Very dangerous. After watching the movie, would you say that your driving abilities have been improved? Not at all. Do you agree that movies can play a role in how a person drives? Yes, there will always be some crazy sod out there who think they can pull of movie driving-stunts on an actual road an attempt to speed on the highway. Its ridiculous.

Nike and Child Labor

I. Identification 1. The Issue Nike has been accused of using child labor in the production of its soccer balls in Pakistan. This case study will examine the claims and describe the industry and its impact on laborers and their working conditions. While Pakistan has laws against child labor and slavery, the government has taken very little action to combat it. Only a boycott by the United States and other nations will have any impact on slavery and child-based industries. Futhermore the U. S constitution states that child labor is an illegal and inhumane practice and any U. S. company found guilty practicing and encouraging it will be prosecuted. GATT and WTO prohibits member nations, like the United States, from discriminating against the importation of goods made by children. Are dolphins becoming more important than children? A question making WTO to reconsider the children's appeal of the third world. 2. Description Brief about the tradition of child labor in Pakistan Pakistan has a per-capita income of $1,900 per year -meaning that a typical person survives barely on $5 per day. And that's nonot all, Pakistan has a traditional culture where earning of one person goes on feeding 10 mouths; and with the high rate of inflation it becomes difficult for a low income population to survive. Child labor is spread all over Pakistan but has the greatest impact in the north-west of punjab province, that is Sialkot. Pakistan has a population of approximately 1 million and is an important centre for the production of goods for export to international markets, particularly sporting goods. In 1994, exports from Sialkot brought income of almost US$ 385 million into the Pakistan economy. Sialkot is thus one of the world’s most important centres for production of sporting goods. Child labor exists in Sialkot both in the export sector and the domestic sector. This fact has been well documented and reported by the international media for several years but nothing has been done about it. In Pakistan it is clearly documented that child labor is against the law, but the government carries lack of willingness to do anything about it. Provision for education is very limited, due to the fact that very low priority is given to education in the national budgets. Education receives around 3% of he total gross domestic product when compared to over ten times of this amount spent on military. Gender and other forms of discrmination plus adding to the lack of political will, gives the clear picture of the existence of child labor in Pakistan. Nike as a helper or exploiter to IIIrd World Recently if you go to a shop to buy your child a new soccer ball. There is a good possibi lity that the ball has been made by someone your child's age or even younger. About half of the world's soccer ball are made in Pakistan, and each one of them passes through a process of production where child labor is involved. This problem not only pertains to Pakistan but is worldwide. More than 200 children, some as young as 4 and 5 years of age, are involved in the production line. Majority of these children work in Asia, e. g in the nations of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Indonesia. Nike is characterized of making its equipments in countries which are in the developing phase, having very cheap labor, authoritarian government and lack of human rights appeal and union movement. In doing this it has made greater margins on the cost of mere cents to its workers. So Nike success story is not based on good name and advertising alone but also attached to it is the tears of tortured workers and child labor. A columnist ‘Stephen Chapman' from Libertarian newspaper argues that â€Å"But why is it unconscionable for a poor country to allow child labor? Pakistan has a per-capita income of $1,900 per year – meaning that the typical person subsists on barely $5 per day. Is it a a revelation – or a crime – that some parents willingly send their children off to work in a factory to survive? Is it cruel for Nike to give them the chance? † (source: http://www. raincity. com/~williamf/words96. html) Stephen argues that the best way to end child-labor is to buy more of the products that children produce. This would increase their demand, and as they will produce more, they will earn more, hence giving themselves chane to rise above poverty level and thus also benefiting the families of the children and as well as the nation. However, the issue is not that simple. Increasing the demand of the products produced by child labor means encouraging more child labor, encouraging more birth rates, more slavery, increasing sweatshops and discouraging education – as parents of the children working in factories would want them to work more and earn more. If this happened to be the case, then more and more children will be bought and sold on the black market, leading no end to this problem. By encouraging more child labor, you are not only taking away those innocent years from them but also the right to be educated and the right to be free. Nike – a good chess player As a good chess player Nike always thinks ahead of its movement. It does not launch its production directly in to the developing country, such as Pakistan, but instead it subcontracts it to them by selecting a local firm. When doing this, the local firm, in this case SAGA sports, has to abide by the Nike's international rules and regulations when producing its goods. And it is the duty of the international firm (NIKE) to monitor its subcontracted production units and hold it to tight scrutuny. But this is not what really happens. Both Nike and the local production company aims to minimize cost and earn the highest amounts of profit thus involving themselves in illegal practices, such as child labor, a practice which is not so highlighted by the government of the host developing country. So what happens when you question Nike about its labor practices? An answer comes that it is not they who are involved in this illegal labor practices but it is the local subcontracter who is doing so. This is wrong to say as Nike and SAGA sports both benefits with access to cheap child labor in Pakistan. And if Nike cannot control its subcontracted plants, it means they have not implemented their rules and regulations effectively and is not abiding by the international standards which they have set for themselves. Nike's entrance in to the Pakistani markets was the part of its long term strategic planning. It is false to explain that Nike didn't knew that child labor is an ages-old practice in Pakistan. Nike went into Pakistan, having full knowledge of the favorable conditions prevailing in terms of child labor and has taken no precautions whatsoever to prevent the use of child labor in the production of its soccer balls. Instead Nike has made a profit from its Pakistani contractors who inturn has used bonded child labor in the production process. Critically analyzing the situation, â€Å"Why Nike always land up in places having cheap or bonded labors or in places where it can easily get away with illegal labor practices? † Examples incude: Vietnam, China, Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh and India. Nike simply bases its operations on finding the lowest-cost labor to make its products. Twelve-year-old girls work in Indonesian sweatshops 70 hours a week making Nike shoes in unhealthy plants. According to a Foulball campaign report, Nike has refused twice to have a check in their Saga-managed center in Pakistan while on the other hand Nike's rival Reebok readily granted access to its Moltex-managed center in Pakistan. Nike has the habit of hiding behind its good public image and its effective means of promotions and advertising. Nike attempts to create a good public image by offering charity, donating equipments and never passing an opportunity to remind the public that it has set up stitching centers in places such as Sialkot, Pakistan. How it all started – Consumer awareness 1996 When the June, 1996 issue of Life magazine carried an article about child labor in Pakistan, Nike knew that it was in trouble. The article's lead photograph showed 12-year-old Tariq surrounded by the pieces of a Nike soccer ball which he would spend most of a day stitching together for the grand sum of 60 cents. In a matter of weeks, activists all across Canada and the United States were standing in front of Nike outlets, holding up Tariq's photo. And yet, Nike has not done an especially good job of scrutinizing the subcontractors with which it's working. Nor has it been open about its labor practices in the way public companies should be expected to be. Cameramen have been pushed out of factory floors. Supervisors at a plant in Vietnam apparently beat workers being paid 20 cents an hour and refused to allow them to leave their work posts. Indonesian labor organizers has been put behind bars. And, most troubling, nearly all the soccer balls made in Pakistan have been revealed to be made by young children getting paid just cents a day. Nike chairman Phil Knight also acknowledged that a shipment of soccer balls Nike purchased in Pakistan in the year 1996 was made by a subcontractor using child labor in â€Å"horrible conditions. † Although 1996 was the first year in which real public attention was focused on Nike's labor practices abroad, it's important to recognize that manufacturing shoes n low-wage countries was, from the start, a crucial part of Phil Knight's plan for his company. In other words, American jobs have not been shipped abroad. On the contrary, Nike has never made shoes in the United States. Its first factories, built in the 1960s, were in Japan, when that country was still a part of the Third World. And since thirty years Nike have migrating from nation to nation, arriving as countries install the necessary mechanisms for orderly business operations and leaving as living standards become too high to make manufacturing profitable. Nike â€Å"not Just do it but Do it right. † This is the first time that Nike has had to face real questions about its labor practices abroad, the first time that it has felt a public-relations impact. At this point, that impact does not seem at all devastating. While in the short run Americans are generally horrified by the issue of child labor and has expressed concern over the working conditions in foreign factories, Nike should take immediate actions in order to provide remedy to all the activism it faces, otherwise it can prove devastating for the company's image in the long run. The basic truth about Nike is that its only real strength is its good name. Nike rules because of all the good things people associate with the company: sharp ads, Michael Jordan, Tiger Woods, little Penny, and Michael Jordan again. If â€Å"beaten workers† and â€Å"child labor† get added to that list, then Nike's greatest asset will be lost. Now the burden is on the company both to do a better job of implementing company-wide global standards of conduct and also to improve its openness to the media. The more you hide, after all, the more people think you have something to hide. Every hand that goes up, hurts Nike in the public eye. And when you're a consumer company, that's the only eye that matters. Consumers — â€Å"Just don't do it. † When a person states that he/she is working for Nike, it gives a very good status symbol. But what if the person is a 9 – year old child? What image will it give you as a consumer when you buy ththose products or brands that employ child labor? Consumers should take an immediate action in order to eradicate child labor practices discharged by these multinational U. S corporations. This can only be done by not buying their products which are produced in the third world and which have suspicion of a child being involved in the process. Child labor is a human rights issue. What is more of a human right than growing up as a free person, attending school without being held in bondage? 3. Related Cases Nike labor practices in Vietnam Nike in Indonesia Nike labor practices in China 4. Draft Author: Faraz Azam (June 1999) Note Date

American Involvement in Vietnam War

The novel â€Å"Morning Glories among the Peas† was written by James D. Seddon, a mechanic and expert surveillance personnel of the US army. He was one of the US soldiers who was involved in the Vietnam War. In this novel, he wrote some of his experiences albeit fighting and surviving in Vietnam. Nevertheless, he also offered some political issues that he thinks should be addressed by the US government. The Vietnam War was both a military and ideological war. When Vietnam was divided into two parts: North and South Vietnam, tensions were rising between the two nations.North Vietnam had a Communist government supported by both the Soviet Union and Red China. It was headed by Ho Chi Minh who defeated the French during the Vietnamese war of independence. South Vietnam was democratic in government. A duly constituted government was elected by the South Vietnamese under the terms of its constitution. South Vietnam was supported by the United States. When the North Vietnamese army i nvaded South Vietnam, call for its defense was alerted by the United States. Allied nations of the United States responded and began sending troops to South Vietnam.The United Nations Security Council called for the deployment of troops in South Vietnam to relieve the pressure from the South Vietnamese army trapped in the invasion. The United States, under the presidency of Lyndon Baines Johnson sent troops to Vietnam without the formal declaration of War. Hence, the Vietnam War came to its early phase of battle. The book was about a Vietnam War veteran who saw the horrible events in the war: the bloody massacre of villages by US troops suspected of hiding North Vietnamese, the frequent ambush of US marines in the jungles of Vietnam, and many other events narrated in the book.Since the book is non-fiction, it guarantees a wide range of historical discourse on policies on war and political ideological struggles. Nevertheless, the wide array of schematic dialogues and conjunctures bet weens characters provide the audience the atmosphere of intense conflict, of which, the most pervasive is the reality of war as politics and of politics as war. The Vietnam War was the longest war involving the United States (1961-1975), yet it was only the war in which the United States was defeated.The intense realities of the war which the author was trying to convey in his novel was a blanch or result of ideological struggle between the US and the Communist bloc. It was often argued that the United States fought a war of non-sense, but policy-makers at that time were not concerned of practicality, but only of necessity. Vietnam was strategic since it holds the key to the numerous bodies of water surrounding the newly-born democratic republics of Southeast Asia. If Southeast Asia fell to the Communists, what are then the chances for the United States to maintain its ideological dominance?The implication of the author’s argument may hold the key to the very purpose of sendi ng expeditions to South Vietnam. Soldiers were sent to a land where they have no affinities. They were serving a war that does not suit their interests. Added to that, the war seemed to be a reflection of their nation’s stance to maintain world leadership at all costs, by all means. Hence then, the experiences of the veteran in the novel were a reflection of the credulity of the insistence of the United States to maintain its ideological dominance in the form of a genuine â€Å"defense of democracy.† It was in many ways irresponsible, unconcerned, and strategic from the point of view of those who fought in the battle fronts. As for the author, his experiences of senseless massacres of villages, poisoning of wells, senseless killings of soldiers, indiscriminate bombings of cities and towns, were the direct results of this desire: the desire for ideological and military dominance. It was even implied in the title of the novel. Do morning glories really found among peas?D oes this serves as an allegory of the conflicting conditions in Vietnam and the United States? Or does this indicate a struggle for ideological dominance? Or simply a way of reiterating the realities of war brought by the things mentioned above? It seems that the novel covered these issues presented, although some of them may be highlighted and some cast aside. The realities presented by the author (who was a veteran of the war) were, in my interpretation, the embodiment of the war policies of the United States.These were policies that prioritize ideology rather than human dignity. The novel also presented the decay of human dignity brought about by the Vietnam War. Human dignity is generally found in the ability of humans to live comfortably without the interference of foreign powers, that is, free development under the term of a just legal standard. The intrusion of the United States into the lives of the South Vietnamese brought them anguish and despair.The United States also suf fered because it lost almost 500, 000 men in the war. Nevertheless, it lost the pride and status achieved decades ago. It was generally an unwarranted war. The novel is generally a good source of historical information about the war in Vietnam. It also gives a thorough and clear description of Vietnam; its people, goals, and achievements. Nevertheless, it should be noted that there are some form of biases in the novel; sometimes favoring the United States; sometimes attacking its war policies.For instance, to describe the North Vietnamese as â€Å"senseless killing machines† is generally unacceptable especially for educated men who view these people as freedom-loving. Nevertheless, it can also be argued that the book also suffered from the credulities of a simplistic master piece. Although it accurately describes reality, the author was unable to highlight his literary style in the novel (novice). Reference Seddon, James D. 1990. Morning Glories among the Peas: A Vietnam†™s Veteran Story. Iowa State. e-bay bookstore download. http://worldcat. org//22181821?

Should We Use Nuclear Power as a Main Source of Energy - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1732 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/08/16 Category Energy Industry Essay Level High school Tags: Nuclear Power Essay Did you like this example? On April 20, 2010, the explosion of the Deepwater Horizon oil rig was watched by every nation as barrels of oil leaked into the Gulf of Mexico. This spill in particular was caused by a rush of natural gas that burst through the recently poured concrete which was used to seal off the oil well for later use. This caused the ignition of the rig (Pallardy). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Should We Use Nuclear Power as a Main Source of Energy" essay for you Create order Eleven workers were killed and seventeen were injured. An estimation of the amount of oil that leaked into the gulf is four million nine hundred thousand barrels, polluting one thousand miles of shoreline (Pallardy).The Chernobyl accident of April 26, 1986 occurred in a similar fashion. According to Greenfacts, a routine test one of the four nuclear reactors electric control systems caused a power surge. This caused nuclear fuel to overheat which then as a consequence, caused steam explosions, destroying the unit four reactor and building (Chernobyl). These explosions caused fires to spread along the roof of the machine halls as nuclear material came in contact with combustible gases (Chernobyl). Fires burned for ten days and large amounts of nuclear material was released (Chernobyl). It has been estimated that around three hundred and forty thousand people had to be relocated after the accident and one thousand first responders received the greatest amount of radiation (Chernobyl).In the process of obtaining both nuclear and fossil fueled energy, both present their own unique opportunities for danger. Supporters of power supplied by fossil fuels state that the investment and construction costs of nuclear power facilities are too high. Additionally, that the nuclear material produced by the process of nuclear fission-the splitting of an atom and the collection of the energy released, poses too great of a threat to civilians living near nuclear plants and a threat posed by terrorists who could potentially gain access to the nuclear material. Those who advocate the use of nuclear power emphasize the negative effects the burning of fossil fuels has on the environment as well as the danger of running out of the nonrenewable resource. Fossil fuel consumption has increased and nuclear power plants are reaching the age of retirement, and as of now, there are no new plans to build new facilities. This is where conflict seems to arise. Should countries continue to use fossil fuels as their main source of energy or resort to nuclear power generation?Ben Heard, a prominent advocate of nuclear power and an Australian environmentalist offers nuclear power as a realistic solution to climate change with todays technology (Scientists). The basis of his argument is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which started to increase when the industrial revolution began and it is in proportion with the burning of fossil fuels (History). Scientists such as the Columbian professor in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Dr. James Hansen, has studied the effect climate change has had on the environment and the role power generation has played in the pollution of the Earth. Along with other scientists, he has stated that any power source used in the future needs to be easily expandable as the need for power will inevitably increase, as well as remain low-carbon emitting. Both scientists have advocated for the use of nuclear power but have acknowledged the idea that the manufacturing of energy cannot be solely reliant on nuclear power or renewable resources by addressing the worldwide problems of the cost and availability of the materials needed to run these power plants. As plutonium is the main material needed to manufacture energy at a nuclear power plant, and it is not accessible in some countries. Although this is a weakness of their argument though they still argue that the positive effects on the environment outweigh the cost of material needed to run nuclear power plants.According to the World Nuclear Association, nuclear power plants tend to have high investment and construction costs but are relatively cheap to maintain. The operating cost as well as the disposal of waste materials in nuclear power plants is lower than that of almost all fossil fuel competitors (Economics).Many factors contribute to the cost of a nuclear facility, such as if the project is completed on time and whether or not interest charges are applied during construction. The length of a project varies by country. Asias last two reactors that were built in 1992, were completed in four years while the newer South Korean reactors took an average of fifty-one months (Economics). This variation in the time it took to build these reactors suggests that they can be built quicker, which lowers the initial cost of building the facilities.The disposal of nuclear waste produced by nuclear fission has become a cause of concern after the Chernobyl accident. According to the World Nuclear Association, ninety-seven percent of the waste material produced is categorized as low or intermediate-level waste. In France, where fuel is reprocessed, radioactive material is classified as high-level waste (HLW) in only two-tenths of one percent of the material produced. After forty years, according to the World Nuclear Association, the radioactivity of HLW is about one thousandth of what is was before the process of nuclear fission. This information implies that the majority of the radioactive material produced by the power plants does not require shielding as the radioactivity of the material is low (Classifications). Countries such as Sweden, France, Finland and the USA all have well advanced p rojects to store HLW. This includes appropriate protection protocols to ensure that nuclear material stays in the hands of trained professionals.The World Nuclear Association was used to provide the information on the disposal of nuclear material as well as the information on the types and amounts of radioactive material released by nuclear power generation. The information provided by the source strengthens the argument because a majority of radioactive material produced by nuclear power plants is classified as low and intermediate level radioactive material. The dangers of radioactive waste classified as high-level is argued by fossil fuel advocates as a main reason why nuclear power generation is not a viable option for power generation. This strengthens the argument because low an intermediate level radioactive material does not require shielding during normal handling (Classifications). Because a majority of the waste produced by nuclear power plants is not classified as HLW, t he validity of the argument is minimized.While some bias is present, the information is well researched and displays a wide range of knowledge.An argument in support of using fossil fuels is their availability. According to the Institute of Energy Research, fossil fuels supply Japan with eighty-four percent and the United States of America with eighty-one percent of their national energy demand (History). The majority of fossil fuels burned today are natural gas, oil and coal (Fossil). Fossil fuels can be found in practically every part of the world, something that cannot be said about plutonium, which is used to power nuclear power plants (Gemma).Globally, an argument made is the economic benefits of fossil fuels. According to the U.S Department of Energy, six million four hundred thousand Americans are employed in the exploration, extraction and transportation of fossil fuels (Fossil). The world has relied on fossil fuels as a main source of energy since the eighteenth century dur ing the industrial revolution (History). This prolonged amount of time has allowed the fossil fuel industry to become efficient. New facilities can be built with minimal innovation and processes of extraction and transportation have been perfected. Coal can be transported by trucks over short distances and by trains and barges over longer distances (Coal). International trading companies ensure that trading between countries is efficient (Coal).Another argument in favor of using fossil fuels as a countrys main source of energy is improvements that have resulted in the reduction of environmental effects the operations have. In 2014, the World Coal Association released a document outlining their plans to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by two to three percent with the implementation of more effective plants (Platform). The average plant runs at a thirty-five percent efficiency and with the improvements that could be made, plants could run at forty-five percent efficiency (Platform).Th e Energy Policy Act (EPA) was passed in 2005 in the United States. The EPA guaranteed that companies who developed and used innovative technologies that aided in the emissions of greenhouse gases would receive loans for their efforts to try and lessen the effect energy production has on the environment (Summary). This law strengthens the argument that the fossil fuel industry has made efforts to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.The World Coal Association was used to find information about international trade and transportation of coal as well as the information regarding the document released in 2014. The source strengthened the argument that the transportation of fossil fuels is efficient and that the industry has made great strides in trying to diminish their carbon footprint by mentioning the Energy Policy Act and the document released in 2014. Some bias was present in the article as it was written by the World Coal Association detailing the coal industrys plan to reduce carbon di oxide emissions.After thorough research and evaluation of both sides of the argument for the question, Should nuclear power generation be a countrys main source of energy, I have decided that nuclear power generation is a viable source of energy and should be a countrys main source of energy. The argument that the nuclear power facilities cost too much to build is nullified by the argument that they are relatively cheap to maintain and maintenance. In addition to this, the positive environmental effect nuclear power facilities could have on countries with poor air quality is convincing. The argument about the possible dangers of nuclear material is also minimized in importance as ninety-seven percent of nuclear waste is classified as low-level waste (Radioactive).Nonetheless, it must be acknowledged that the topic if nuclear power generation encompasses many different aspects that were not discussed in this paper. Further research regarding the air quality of the areas surrounding f ossil fuel and nuclear power plants would be beneficial in the continuation of this paper. An addition of case studies regarding the air quality as well as the environmental status of the areas around fossil and nuclear plants would also be beneficial in further understanding the differences nuclear and fossil fuel plants impose on the air quality of the surrounding area.